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KMID : 0356920190720030221
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Korean Journal of Anesthesiology
2019 Volume.72 No. 3 p.221 ~ p.232
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Randomization in clinical studies
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Lim Chi-Yeon
In Jun-Yong
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Abstract
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Randomized controlled trial is widely accepted as the best design for evaluating the efficacy of a new treatment because of the advantages of randomization (random allocation). Randomization eliminates accidental bias, including selection bias, and provides a base for allowing the use of probability theory. Despite its importance, randomization has not been properly understood. This article introduces the different randomization methods with examples: simple randomization; block randomization; adaptive randomization, including minimization; and response-adaptive randomization. Ethics related to randomization are also discussed. The study is helpful in understanding the basic concepts of randomization and how to use R software.
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KEYWORD
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Adaptive randomization, Minimization, Random allocation, Randomization, Randomized controlled trial, Restrictive randomization, Simple randomization
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